RAII
RAII is a fundamental C++ idiom where resource lifetime is tied to object lifetime. Resources are acquired in constructors and released in destructors, ensuring automatic cleanup and exception safety.
Pimpl
Pimpl (Pointer to Implementation) separates a class's interface from its implementation by moving private members into a separate implementation class. This reduces compilation dependencies and provides better encapsulation.
CRTP
CRTP is a template pattern where a class Derived inherits from a template base class Base, passing itself as a template argument. This enables compile-time polymorphism without virtual functions.
Non-Copyable
The non-copyable idiom prevents objects from being copied, ensuring unique ownership of resources. Essential for RAII types managing exclusive resources like file handles, mutexes, or database connections.
Copy-and-Swap
Copy-and-swap is an elegant technique for implementing assignment operators that provides strong exception safety and eliminates code duplication by leveraging the copy constructor and a non-throwing swap function.
Type Erasure
Type erasure hides the concrete type behind a common interface, allowing different types to be treated uniformly without inheritance. Combines the flexibility of runtime polymorphism with the performance benefits of templates.
Policy-Based Design
Policy-based design decomposes complex behaviors into independent policy classes combined through templates. Each policy defines one aspect of behavior, and policies are mixed together to create flexible, reusable components.