4. Types and values | My Knowledge Base

📄️ Fundamental Types

C++ provides built-in fundamental types for integers, floating-point numbers, characters, and booleans.

CV-qualifiers (const and volatile) modify type behavior. const prevents modification; volatile prevents compiler optimization.

Integer types can be signed (negative and positive) or unsigned (only positive). Understanding signedness prevents bugs and overflow issues.

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C++ performs automatic (implicit) and manual (explicit) type conversions. Understanding these prevents bugs and data loss.

Alignment ensures data is placed at memory addresses divisible by its size, improving CPU access speed. Padding fills gaps to maintain alignment.